It was unknown prior to Franklin's experiment whether lightning was electrical in nature, though some scientists, including Franklin, had speculated just that. Atoms are made up of negatively charged electrons orbiting a positively charged nucleus (made up of protons and neutrons). We now understand that these "fluids" are electrical charges generated by atoms. Franklin lived from 1709 to 1790, and during his time, electricity was understood as the interaction between two different fluids, which Franklin later referred to as "plus" and "minus." According to French chemist Charles François de Cisternay du Fay, materials that possessed the same type of fluid would repel, while opposite fluids attracted one another. Electricity had already been discovered and used for centuries before Franklin's experiment. For starters, it's a common myth that Franklin discovered electricity.
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